Obat-Obat Anti Angina
| Drug |
Usual Dose |
Comments; Adverse
Effects |
| Nitrates
|
| Nitroglycerin |
0.4–0.6 mg SL |
Aborts acute attacks;
headaches, hypotension |
| Nitroglycerin |
1–3 mg buccal |
Larger tablet for
handicapped patients |
| Nitroglycerin |
0.4 mg spray |
More convenient than
pills |
| Nitroglycerin |
0.5–2 in of 2%
ointment |
Prophylactic therapy;
tolerance a problem |
| Nitroglycerin |
0.1–0.6 mg/h patches |
Prophylactic therapy;
tolerance a problem |
| Isosorbide dinitrate
|
10–60 mg three times
daily |
Need 8 h off q24h to
avoid tolerance |
| Isosorbide mononitrate
|
20 mg twice daily |
Take 7 h
apart |
| Drug |
Daily Dosage (mg)
|
Comments; Adverse
Effects |
 –Blockers |
| Propranolol |
160–320 |
CNS side effects—fatigue,
impotence—common |
| Nadolol |
80–240 |
Long half-life,
noncardioselective |
| Timolol |
10–45 |
Noncardioselective |
| Metaprolol |
100–400 |
Cardioselective |
| Atenolol |
50–200 |
Cardioselective |
| Acebutolol |
400–1200 |
Cardioselective, some
intrinsic sympathomimetic activity |
| Betaxolol |
5–40 |
Cardioselective, long
half-life |
| Bisoprolol |
5–20 |
Cardioselective |
| Pindolol |
5–40 |
Marked intrinsic
sympathomimetic activity |
| Calcium
Channel Blockers, Heart Rate Lowering |
| Diltiazem |
120–360 |
Heart-rate lowering; AV
block, heart failure, edema |
| Verapamil |
120–480 |
Heart-rate lowering; AV
block, heart failure, constipation |
| Dihydroperidine Calcium Channel Blockers |
| Amlodipine |
5–10 |
Least myocardial
depression |
| Nifedipine |
30–60 |
Hypotension,
tachycardia |
| Nicardipine |
60–120 |
Potent coronary
vasodilator |
| Felodipine |
5–20 |
High vascular
selectivity |
| Isradipine |
2.5–10 |
Potent coronary
vasodilator |
| Nisoldipine |
10–40 |
Similar to nifedipine
|
| Sodium
Current Inhibitor |
| Ranolazine |
1000–2000 mg |
May increase QT interval
on ECG |
|
|
Referensi:
Current Diagnosis & Treatment Cardiology 3rd Edition (McGraw-Hill) 2009