Klasifikasi Glaukoma Berdasarkan Etiologinya
A. Primary glaucoma | 3. Due to lens changes (phacogenic) |
1. Open-angle glaucoma | a. Dislocation |
a. Primary open-angle glaucoma (chronic open-angle glaucoma, chronic simple glaucoma) | b. Intumescence |
b. Normal-tension glaucoma (low-tension glaucoma) | c. Phacolytic |
2. Angle-closure glaucoma | 4. Due to uveal tract changes |
a. Acute | a. Uveitis |
b. Subacute | b. Posterior synechiae (seclusio pupillae) |
c. Chronic | c. Tumor |
d. Plateau iris | d. Ciliary body swelling |
B. Congenital glaucoma | 5. Iridocorneoendothelial (ICE) syndrome |
1. Primary congenital glaucoma | 6. Trauma |
2. Glaucoma associated with other developmental ocular abnormalities | a. Hyphema |
a. Anterior chamber cleavage syndromes | b. Angle contusion/recession |
Axenfeld's syndrome | c. Peripheral anterior synechiae |
Reiger's syndrome | 7. Postoperative |
Peter's syndrome | a. Ciliary block glaucoma (malignant glaucoma) |
b. Aniridia | b. Peripheral anterior synechiae |
3. Glaucoma associated with extraocular developmental abnormalities | c. Epithelial downgrowth |
a. Sturge-Weber syndrome | d. Following corneal graft surgery |
b. Marfan's syndrome | e. Following retinal detachment surgery |
c. Neurofibromatosis 1 | 8. Neovascular glaucoma |
d. Lowe's syndrome | a. Diabetes mellitus |
e. Congenital rubella | b. Central retinal vein occlusion |
C. Secondary glaucoma | c. Intraocular tumor |
1. Pigmentary glaucoma | 9. Raised episcleral venous pressure |
2. Exfoliation syndrome | a. Carotid-cavernous fistula |
b. Sturge-Weber syndrome | |
10. Steroid-induced | |
D. Absolute glaucoma: The end result of any uncontrolled glaucoma is a hard, sightless, and often painful eye. |
Referensi:
Vaughan and Asbury's General Ophthalmology 17th Edition (McGraw-Hill) 2007