Reference Values for Laboratory Tests (Part 2): Hematology and Coagulation

Nilai Rujukan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium (Bag. 2): Kimia Klinik dan Imunologi 

Analyte Specimena SI Units Conventional Units Acetoacetate P 20–99 µmol/L 0.2–1.0 mg/dL Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) P 1.3–16.7 pmol/L 6.0–76.0 pg/mL Alanine aminotransferase (AST, SGPT) S 0.12–0.70 µkat/L 7–41 U/L Albumin S   Female 41–53 g/L 4.1–5.3 g/dL   Male 40–50 g/L 4.0–5.0 g/L Aldolase S 26–138 nkat/L 1.5–8.1 U/L Aldosterone (adult)   Supine, normal sodium diet S, P 55–250 pmol/L 2–9 ng/dL   Upright, normal sodium diet S, P 2–5-fold increase over supine value   Supine, low-sodium diet S, P 2–5-fold increase over normal sodium diet level U 6.38–58.25 nmol/d 2.3–21.0 µg/24 h Alpha fetoprotein (adult) S 0–8.5 µg/L 0–8.5 ng/mL Alpha1 antitrypsin S 1.0–2.0 g/L 100–200 mg/dL Ammonia, as NH3 P 11–35 µmol/L 19–60 µg/dL Amylase (method dependent) S 0.34–1.6 µkat/L 20–96 U/L Androstenedione (adult) S 1.75–8.73 nmol/L 50–250 ng/dL Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) S 0.15–1.1 µkat/L 9–67 U/L Anion gap S 7–16 mmol/L 7–16 mmol/L Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio 0.35–0.98 0.35–0.98 Apolipoprotein A-1 S 1.19–2.40 g/L 119–240 mg/dL Apolipoprotein B S 0.52–1.63 g/L 52–163 mg/dL Arterial blood gases   [HCO3–] 22–30 mmol/L 22–30 meq/L   PCO2 4.3–6.0 kPa 32–45 mmHg   pH 7.35–7.45 7.35–7.45   PO2 9.6–13.8 kPa 72–104 mmHg Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT) S 0.20–0.65 µkat/L 12–38 U/L Autoantibodies   Anti-adrenal antibody S Not applicable Negative at 1:10 dilution   Anti-double-strand (native) DNA S Not applicable Negative at 1:10 dilution   Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibodies S     Qualitative Negative Negative     Quantitative < 5 kU/L < 5 U/mL   Anti-granulocyte antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-Jo-1 antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-La antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-mitochondrial antibody S Not applicable Negative   Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) S     Qualitative Negative Negative     Quantitative (antibodies to proteinase 3) < 2.8 kU/L < 2.8 U/mL   Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, perinuclear (P-ANCA) S     Qualitative Negative Negative     Quantitative (antibodies to myeloperoxidase) < 1.4 kU/L < 1.4 U/mL   Antinuclear antibody S Not applicable Negative at 1:40   Anti–parietal cell antibody S Not applicable Negative at 1:20   Anti-Ro antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-platelet antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-RNP antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-Scl 70 antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-Smith antibody S Not applicable Negative   Anti-smooth-muscle antibody S Not applicable Negative at 1:20   Anti-thyroglobulin S Not applicable Negative   Anti-thyroid antibody S < 0.3 kIU/L < 0.3 IU/mL B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) P Age and gender specific: < 167 ng/L Age and gender specific: < 167 pg/mL Bence Jones protein, serum S Not applicable None detected Bence Jones protein, urine, qualitative U Not applicable None detected in 50x concentrated urine Bence Jones Protein, urine, quantitative U   Kappa < 25 mg/L < 2.5 mg/dL   Lambda < 50 mg/L < 5.0 mg/dL β2-Microglobulin S < 2.7 mg/L < 0.27 mg/dL U < 120 µg/d < 120 µg/day Bilirubin S   Total 5.1–22 µmol/L 0.3–1.3 mg/dL   Direct 1.7–6.8 µmol/L 0.1–0.4 mg/dL   Indirect 3.4–15.2 µmol/L 0.2–0.9 mg/dL C peptide (adult) S, P 0.17–0.66 nmol/L 0.5–2.0 ng/mL C1-esterase-inhibitor protein S   Antigenic 124–250 mg/L 12.4–24.5 mg/dL   Functional Present Present CA 125 S 0–35 kU/L 0–35 U/mL CA 19-9 S 0–37 kU/L 0–37 U/mL CA-15-3 S 0–34 kU/L 0–34 U/mL CA27-29 S 0–40 kU/L 0–40 U/mL Calcitonin S   Male 3–26 ng/L 3–26 pg/mL   Female 2–17 ng/L 2–17 pg/mL Calcium S 2.2–2.6 mmol/L 8.7–10.2 mg/dL Calcium, ionized WB 1.12–1.32 mmol/L 4.5–5.3 mg/dL Carbon dioxide content (TCO2) P (sea level) 22–30 mmol/L 22–30 meq/L Carboxyhemoglobin (carbon monoxide content) WB   Nonsmokers 0–0.04 0–4%   Smokers 0.04–0.09 4–9%   Onset of symptoms 0.15–0.20 15–20%   Loss of consciousness and death > 0.50 > 50% Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) S   Nonsmokers 0.0–3.0 µg/L 0.0–3.0 ng/mL   Smokers S 0.0–5.0 µg/L 0.0–5.0 ng/mL Ceruloplasmin S 250–630 mg/L 25–63 mg/dL Chloride S 102–109 mmol/L 102–109 meq/L Cholesterol: see Table 5 Cholinesterase S 5–12 kU/L 5–12 U/mL Complement   C3 S 0.83–1.77 g/L 83–177 mg/dL   C4 S 0.16–0.47 g/L 16–47 mg/dL   Total hemolytic complement (CH50) S 50–150% 50–150%   Factor B S 0.17–0.42 g/L 17–42 mg/dL Coproporphyrins (types I and III) U 150–470 µmol/d 100–300 µg/d Cortisol   Fasting, 8 A.M.–12 noon  S 138–690 nmol/L 5–25 µg/dL   12 noon–8 P.M.  138–414 nmol/L 5–15 µg/dL   8 P.M.–8 A.M.  0–276 nmol/L 0–10 µg/dL Cortisol, free U 55–193 nmol/24 h 20–70 µg/24 h C-reactive protein S 0.2–3.0 mg/L 0.2–3.0 mg/L Creatine kinase (total) S   Females 0.66–4.0 µkat/L 39–238 U/L   Males 0.87–5.0 µkat/L 51–294 U/L Creatine kinase-MB S   Mass 0.0–5.5 µg/L 0.0–5.5 ng/mL   Fraction of total activity (by electrophoresis) 0–0.04 0–4.0% Creatinine S   Female 44–80 µmol/L 0.5–0.9 ng/mL   Male 53–106 µmol/L 0.6–1.2 ng/mL Cryoproteins S Not applicable None detected Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (adult)   Male S 6.2–43.4 nmol/L 180–1250 ng/dL   Female 4.5–34.0 nmol/L 130–980 ng/dL Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate S   Male (adult) 100–6190 µg/L 10–619 µg/dL   Female (adult, premenopausal) 120–5350 µg/L 12–535 µg/dL   Female (adult, postmenopausal) 300–2600 µg/L 30–260 µg/dL Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) (adult) S 61–576 nmol/L 2–19 ng/dL 11-Deoxycortisol (adult) (compound S) (8:00 A.M.)  S 0.34–4.56 nmol/L 12–158 ng/dL Dihydrotestosterone   Male S, P 1.03–2.92 nmol/L 30–85 ng/dL   Female 0.14–0.76 nmol/L 4–22 ng/dL Dopamine P < 475 pmol/L < 87 pg/mL Dopamine U 425–2610 nmol/d 65–400 µg/d Epinephrine P   Supine (30 min) < 273 pmol/L < 50 pg/mL   Sitting < 328 pmol/L < 60 pg/mL   Standing (30 min) < 491pmol/L < 90 pg/mL Epinephrine U 0–109 nmol/d 0–20 µg/d Erythropoietin S 4–27 U/L 4–27 U/L Estradiol S, P   Female     Menstruating:        Follicular phase 74–532 pmol/L < 20–145 pg/mL        Mid-cycle peak 411–1626 pmol/L 112–443 pg/mL        Luteal phase 74–885 pmol/L < 20–241 pg/mL     Postmenopausal 217 pmol/L < 59 pg/mL   Male 74 pmol/L < 20 pg/mL Estrone S, P   Female     Menstruating:        Follicular phase 55–555 pmol/L 15–150 pg/mL        Luteal phase 55–740 pmol/L 15–200 pg/mL     Postmenopausal 55–204 pmol/L 15–55 pg/mL   Male 55–240 pmol/L 15–65 pg/mL Fatty acids, free (nonesterified) P < 0.28–0.89 mmol/L < 8–25 mg/dL Ferritin S   Female 10–150 µg/L 10–150 ng/mL   Male 29–248 µg/L 29–248 ng/mL Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) S, P   Female     Menstruating:        Follicular phase 3.0–20.0 IU/L 3.0–20.0 mIU/mL        Ovulatory phase 9.0–26.0 IU/L 9.0–26.0 mIU/mL        Luteal phase 1.0–12.0 IU/L 1.0–12.0 mIU/mL     Postmenopausal 18.0–153.0 IU/L 18.0–153.0 mIU/mL   Male 1.0–12.0 IU/L 1.0–12.0 mIU/mL Free testosterone, adult   Female S 2.1–23.6 pmol/L 0.6–6.8 pg/mL   Male 163–847 pmol/L 47–244 pg/mL Fructosamine S < 285 µmol/L < 285 µmol/L Gamma glutamyltransferase S 0.15–0.99 µkat/L 9–58 U/L Gastrin S < 100 ng/L < 100 pg/mL Glucagon P 20–100 ng/L 20–100 pg/mL Glucose (fasting) P   Normal 4.2–6.1 mmol/L 75–110 mg/dL   Impaired glucose tolerance 6.2–6.9 mmol/L 111–125 mg/dL   Diabetes mellitus > 7.0 mmol/L > 125 mg/dL Glucose, 2 h postprandial P 3.9–6.7 mmol/L 70–120 mg/dL Growth hormone (resting) S 0.5–17.0 µg/L 0.5–17.0 ng/mL Hemoglobin Alc WB 0.04–0.06 Hb fraction 4.0–6.0% High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (see Table 5) Homocysteine P 4.4–10.8 µmol/L 4.4–10.8 µmol/L Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) S   Non-pregnant female < 5 IU/L < 5 mIU/mL   1–2 weeks postconception 9–130 IU/L 9–130 mIU/mL   2–3 weeks postconception 75–2600 IU/L 75–2600 mIU/mL   3–4 weeks postconception 850–20,800 IU/L 850–20,800 mIU/mL   4–5 weeks postconception 4000–100,200 IU/L 4000–100,200 mIU/mL   5–10 weeks postconception 11,500–289,000 IU/L 11,500–289,000 mIU/mL 10–14 weeks postconception 18,300–137,000 IU/L 18,300–137,000 mIU/mL   Second trimester 1400–53,000 IU/L 1400–53,000 mIU/mL   Third trimester 940–60,000 IU/L 940–60,000 mIU/mL β-Hydroxybutyrate P 0–290 µmol/L 0–3 mg/dL 5-Hydroindoleacetic acid [5-HIAA] U 10.5–36.6 µmol/d 2–7 mg/d 17-Hydroxyprogesterone (adult) S   Male 0.15–7.5 nmol/L 5–250 ng/dL   Female     Follicular phase 0.6–3.0 nmol/L 20–100 ng/dL     Midcycle peak 3–7.5 nmol/L 100–250 ng/dL     Luteal phase 3–15 nmol/L 100–500 ng/dL     Postmenopausal ≤ 2.1 nmol/L ≤ 70 ng/dL Hydroxyproline U, 24 hour 38–500 µmol/d 38–500 µmol/d Immunofixation S Not applicable No bands detected Immunoglobulin, quantitation (adult)   IgA S 0.70–3.50 g/L 70–350 mg/dL   IgD S 0–140 mg/L 0–14 mg/dL   IgE S 24–430 µg/L 10–179 IU/mL   IgG S 7.0–17.0 g/L 700–1700 mg/dL     IgG1 S 2.7–17.4 g/L 270–1740 mg/dL     IgG2 S 0.3–6.3 g/L 30–630 mg/dL     IgG3 S 0.13–3.2 g/L 13–320 mg/dL     IgG4 S 0.11–6.2 g/L 11–620 mg/dL   IgM S 0.50–3.0 g/L 50–300 mg/dL Insulin S, P 14.35–143.5 pmol/L 2–20 µU/mL Iron S 7–25 µmol/L 41–141 µg/dL Iron-binding capacity S 45–73 µmol/L 251–406 µg/dL Iron-binding capacity saturation S 0.16–0.35 16–35% Joint fluid crystal JF Not applicable No crystals seen Joint fluid mucin JF Not applicable Only type I mucin present Ketone (acetone) S, U Negative Negative 17 Ketosteroids U 0.003–0.012 g/d 3–12 mg/d Lactate P, arterial 0.5–1.6 mmol/L 4.5–14.4 mg/dL P, venous 0.5–2.2 mmol/L 4.5–19.8 mg/dL Lactate dehydrogenase S 2.0–3.8 µkat/L 115–221 U/L Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes S   Fraction 1 (of total) 0.14–0.26 14–26%   Fraction 2 0.29–0.39 29–39%   Fraction 3 0.20–0.25 20–26%   Fraction 4 0.08–0.16 8–16%   Fraction 5 0.06–0.16 6–16% Lipase (method dependent) S 0.51–0.73 µkat/L 3–43 U/L Lipids: see Table 5 Lipoprotein (a) S 0–300 mg/L 0–30 mg/dL Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (see Table 5) Luteinizing hormone (LH) S, P   Female     Menstruating        Follicular phase 2.0–15.0 U/L 2.0–15.0 U/L        Ovulatory phase 22.0–105.0 U/L 22.0–105.0 U/L        Luteal phase 0.6–19.0 U/L 0.6–19.0 U/L     Postmenopausal 16.0–64.0 U/L 16.0–64.0 U/L   Male 2.0–12.0 U/L 2.0–12.0 U/L Magnesium S 0.62–0.95 mmol/L 1.5–2.3 mg/dL Metanephrine P < 0.5 nmol/L < 100 pg/mL Metanephrine U 30–211 mmol/mol creatinine 53–367 µg/g creatinine Methemoglobin WB 0.0–0.01 0–1% Microalbumin urine U   24-h urine 0.0–0.03 g/d 0–30 mg/24 h   Spot urine 0.0–0.03 g/g creatinine 0–30 µg/mg creatinine Myoglobin S   Male 19–92 µg/L 19–92 µg/L   Female 12–76 µg/L 12–76 µg/L Norepinephrine U 89–473 nmol/d 15–80 µg/d Norepinephrine P   Supine (30 min) 650–2423 pmol/L 110–410 pg/mL   Sitting 709–4019 pmol/L 120–680 pg/mL   Standing (30 min) 739–4137 pmol/L 125–700 pg/mL N-telopeptide (cross linked), NTx S   Female, premenopausal 6.2–19.0 nmol BCE 6.2–19.0 nmol BCE   Male 5.4–24.2 nmol BCE 5.4–24.2 nmol BCE   Bone collagen equivalent (BCE) N-telopeptide (cross linked), NTx U   Female, premenopausal 17–94 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine 17–94 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine   Female, postmenopausal 26–124 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine 26–124 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine   Male 21–83 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine 21–83 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine   Bone collagen equivalent (BCE) 5' Nucleotidase S 0.02–0.19 µkat/L 0–11 U/L Osmolality P 275–295 mOsmol/kg serum water 275–295 mOsmol/kg serum water U 500–800 mOsmol/kg water 500–800 mOsmol/kg water Osteocalcin S 11–50 µg/L 11–50 ng/mL Oxygen content WB   Arterial (sea level) 17–21 17–21 vol%   Venous (sea level) 10–16 10–16 vol% Oxygen percent saturation (sea level) WB   Arterial 0.97 94–100%   Venous, arm 0.60–0.85 60–85% Parathyroid hormone (intact) S 8–51 ng/L 8–51 pg/mL Phosphatase, alkaline S 0.56–1.63 µkat/L 33–96 U/L Phosphorus, inorganic S 0.81–1.4 mmol/L 2.5–4.3 mg/dL Porphobilinogen U None None Potassium S 3.5–5.0 mmol/L 3.5–5.0 meq/L Prealbumin S 170–340 mg/L 17–34 mg/dL Progesterone S, P   Female     Follicular < 3.18 nmol/L < 1.0 ng/mL     Midluteal 9.54–63.6 nmol/L 3–20 ng/mL   Male < 3.18 nmol/L < 1.0 ng/mL Prolactin S 0–20 µg/L 0–20 ng/mL Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) S   Male     <40 years 0.0–2.0 µg/L 0.0–2.0 ng/mL     >40 years 0.0–4.0 µg/L 0.0–4.0 ng/mL   PSA, free; in males 45–75 years, with PSA values between 4 and 20 µg/mL S > 0.25 associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia > 25% associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia Protein fractions S   Albumin 35–55 g/L 3.5–5.5 g/dL (50–60%)   Globulin 20–35 g/L 2.0–3.5 g/dL (40–50%)   Alpha1 2–4 g/L 0.2–0.4 g/dL (4.2–7.2%)   Alpha2 5–9 g/L 0.5–0.9 g/dL (6.8–12%)   Beta 6–11 g/L 0.6–1.1 g/dL (9.3–15%)   Gamma 7–17 g/L 0.7–1.7 g/dL (13–23%) Protein, total S 67–86 g/L 6.7–8.6 g/dL Pyruvate P, arterial 40–130 µmol/L 0.35–1.14 mg/dL P, venous 40–130 µmol/L 0.35–1.14 mg/dL Rheumatoid factor S, JF < 30 kIU/L < 30 IU/mL Serotonin WB 0.28–1.14 µmol/L 50–200 ng/mL Serum protein electrophoresis S Not applicable Normal pattern Sex hormone binding globulin (adult) S   Male 13–71 nmol/L 13–71 nmol/L   Female 18–114 nmol/L 18–114 nmol/L Sodium S 136–146 mmol/L 136–146 meq/L Somatomedin-C (IGF-1) (adult) S   16–24 years 182–780 µg/L 182–780 ng/mL   25–39 years 114–492 µg/L 114–492 ng/mL   40–54 years 90–360 µg/L 90–360 ng/mL   > 54 years 71–290 µg/L 71–290 ng/mL Somatostatin P < 25 ng/L < 25 pg/mL Testosterone, total, morning sample S   Female 0.21–2.98 nmol/L 6–86 ng/dL   Male 9.36–37.10 nmol/L 270–1070 ng/dL Thyroglobulin S 0.5–53 µg/L 0.5–53 ng/mL Thyroid-binding globulin S 13–30 mg/L 1.3–3.0 mg/dL Thyroid-stimulating hormone S 0.34–4.25 mIU/L 0.34–4.25 µIU/mL Thyroxine, free (fT4) S 10.3–21.9 pmol/L 0.8–1.7 ng/dL Thyroxine, total (T4) S 70–151 nmol/L 5.4–11.7 µg/dL (Free) thyroxine index S 6.7–10.9 6.7–10.9 Transferrin S 2.0–4.0 g/L 200–400 mg/dL Triglycerides (see Table 5) S 0.34–2.26 mmol/L 30–200 mg/dL Triiodothyronine, free (fT3) S 3.7–6.5 pmol/L 2.4–4.2 pg/mL Triiodothyronine, total (T3) S 1.2–2.1 nmol/L 77–135 ng/dL Troponin I S   Normal population, 99 %tile 0–0.08 µg/L 0–0.08 ng/mL   Cut-off for MI > 0.4 µg/L > 0.4 ng/mL Troponin T S   Normal population, 99 %tile 0–0.1 µg/L 0–0.01 ng/mL   Cut-off for MI 0–0.1 µg/L 0–0.1 ng/mL Urea nitrogen S 2.5–7.1 mmol/L 7–20 mg/dL Uric acid S   Females 0.15–0.33 µmol/L 2.5–5.6 mg/dL   Males 0.18–0.41 µmol/L 3.1–7.0 mg/dL Urobilinogen U 0.09–4.2 µmol/d 0.05–25 mg/24 h Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) U, 24h < 30 µmol/d < 6 mg/d Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide P 0–60 ng/L 0–60 pg/mL

aP, plasma; S, serum; U, urine; WB, whole blood; JF, joint fluid.  Referensi : Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition (McGraw-Hill) 2008

Tags: Lecture Notes